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On September 7, 2026, arXiv cs.CL published the paper “Fixed Suffix Dependency Ratio: Quantifying the Dual-Track Mechanism of Gender Assignment in Latvian Loanwords”. This study quantified the dual-track mechanism of gender assignment in Latvian loanwords and proposed the fixed suffix dependency ratio as an indicator to analyze the gender distribution patterns in language models when dealing with such words, as well as the underlying linguistic rules.
本研究提出固定词缀依赖比率（FSDR）以量化不同性别对固定派生词缀的依赖程度，并区分形态锚定与自由选择。通过对 1,832 个拉脱维亚名词词干类型的考察，结果显示借词系统中存在显著的 FSDR 不对称性：女性借词显著更依赖固定派生词缀，而男性借词则更多集中在自由选择区。该模式具有借词特异性，且在当代使用中愈发明显。FSDR 因此为测试默认性别提供了量化框架，并展示了语言接触下男性默认如何被激活和强化。