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The latest mouse experiments indicate that GLP-1-based weight-loss drugs may have potential anti-aging effects. This study verified the impact of such drugs on biological age or physiological functions through animal models, suggesting their potential applications in the field of anti-aging. Currently, these conclusions are mainly based on preliminary data from laboratory settings and have not yet reached the stage of human clinical trials.
加州伯克利等机构研究人员通过小鼠试验发现，老年雌性小鼠服用 GLP-1 类药物司美格鲁肽后，寿命比未服药小鼠延长 12%。选取 20 个月大（相当于人类 60 岁）健康雌性小鼠开展试验，持续接受司美格鲁肽治疗的小鼠中位寿命为 834 天，对照组为 742 天。结果显示，服药小鼠在运动协调、肌肉功能和血糖调节等测试中表现更好，且体内炎症、干细胞减少、细胞衰老、基因组不稳定、线粒体功能障碍和蛋白质稳态失衡等变化得到减缓。服药期间小鼠热量摄入减少了 24%。为排除热量限制影响，研究人员设置对照组使小鼠摄入与司美格鲁肽组相当的热量，发现单纯限制热量的小鼠与服药组寿命相近，但在空间记忆测试中服药组表现更优，提示司美格鲁肽可能具有无法用减少热量摄入解释的作用，具体原因目前尚不清楚。